Ignition Systems in Firearms

The following selection of ignition systems in firearms are sorted by chronological order.


I. External ignition (The ignition system is separate from the ammunition.)

  1. Matchlock: A burning match is mechanically brought into contact with the priming powder.
  2. Wheellock: A rotating steel wheel produces sparks against pyrite to ignite the priming powder.
  3. Flintlock: A flintstone strikes steel to produce sparks that ignite the priming powder.

II. Internal ignition (The ignition system is integrated into the ammunition.)

  1. Needle-Fire System: A firing needle penetrates the cartridge to ignite the primer inside it.
  2. Rimfire: A firing pin hits the rim of the cartridge base to ignite the primer inside it.
  3. Centerfire: A firing pin hits the center of the cartridge base to ignite the primer inside it.